Total number of all possible outcomes = 52.
(i) There are 13 cards of spades including one ace and there are 3 more aces.
So, the number of favourable cases = 13+3= 16.
∴ P(getting a card of spades or an ace ) =
16
52
=
4
13
.
(ii) There are 2 black kings.
∴ P(getting a black king) =
2
52
=
1
26
.
(iii) There are 4 jacks and 4 kings.
So, the number of cards which are neither jacks nor kings
={52-(4+4)}=44.
∴ P(getting a card which is neither a jack nor a king) =
44
52
=
11
13
.
(iv) There are 4 kings and 4 queens.
So, the number of cards which are either kings or queens
= 4+4= 8.
∴ P(getting a card which is either a king or a queen) =
8
52
=
2
13
.
