This should do it:
myY = [1, 4, 3, 6, 8, 4]
myX = [i * 10 for i,y in enumerate(myY)]
print(myX) # -> [0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
Edit
In case you are working with Numpy you could do something like the following:
myY = np.array([1, 4, 3, 6, 8, 4])
myData = np.vstack((myY, [i * 10 for i,y in enumerate(myY)]))
When